更新日期:2026-05-28 | 适用市场:美国(US)为主,部分规则欧洲/日本同理
官方来源(全部为公开页面,无需登录):
- ODR: https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/200285190?mons_sel_locale=en_US
- 取消率: https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/200285210?mons_sel_locale=en_US
- AHR: https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external/GR786P4BPEVKTBAG?mons_sel_locale=en_US
Amazon 用三个硬指标评估账户健康,任何一项触线都会触发警告甚至直接暂停:
| 指标 | 含义 | 红线(官方原文) | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ODR(订单缺陷率) | 差评 + A-to-Z + 拒付 / 总订单 | < 1% ✅ 官方确认 | 60 天窗口,最致命指标 |
| 取消率(Pre-fulfillment Cancel Rate) | 发货前卖家主动取消 / 总订单 | < 2.5% ✅ 官方确认 | 7 天窗口,FBM 专属 |
| 晚发货率(Late Shipment Rate) | 未按承诺时间发出 / 总订单 | 10 天 + 30 天双窗口计量 ⚠️ 官网公开页未列具体阈值 | 以 Seller Central 账户状况页为准 |
官方原文(ODR):
"Maintain an order defect rate of less than 1%."
官方原文(取消率):
"Maintain a pre-fulfillment cancel rate of less than 2.5%."
风险提示:
官方原文(English): "The AHR is a color-coded numerical score that ranges from 0 to 1,000... All new sellers start with a score of 200."
"If your AHR is green ("Healthy," based on a score of 200-1,000), your account isn't at risk of deactivation."
"If your AHR is yellow ("At Risk," based on a score of 100-199), your account is at risk of deactivation."
"When your AHR is red ("Unhealthy," based on a score of 99 or lower), your account is either eligible for deactivation or already deactivated."
"Point values for each violation are based on the severity level and typically range from two to eight."
"critical violations automatically bring your AHR score to zero"
"you also gain four points for every 200 successful orders you fulfilled over the last 180 days"
| 分数段 | 状态 | 含义 |
|---|---|---|
| 200–1000 | 🟢 Healthy | 不存在停用风险 |
| 100–199 | 🟡 At Risk | 账户有被停用风险 |
| 0–99 | 🔴 Unhealthy | 账户已可被停用或已停用 |
常见被新手踩的坑:
| 品类 | 限制说明 |
|---|---|
| 营养补剂 / 功能性食品 | 需 FDA 注册,不得有 "治疗/预防疾病" 等医疗声明 |
| 儿童产品(< 12 岁) | 需提供 CPC(Children's Product Certificate)+ 第三方检测报告 |
| 电子设备(含锂电池) | 需 UN38.3 认证;FBA 入仓必须申报带电量 |
| 激光产品 | Class 1 以上需 FDA 510K |
| 宠物食品 | 美国需 AAFCO 合规声明 |
| 化妆品 / 护肤品 | 需在 FDA Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program 注册(强烈建议) |
核心原则:任何形式的操控评论都违反 TOS,后果是永久封号。
Amazon 不接受"我不知道"和"我下次会注意",必须包含:
| 优先级 | 风险点 | 恢复难度 |
|---|---|---|
| 🔴 致命 | 刷评/操控评论被抓 | 几乎无法恢复 |
| 🔴 致命 | 关联账号封禁 | 极难恢复 |
| 🟠 高危 | ODR 超线 | 申诉可能恢复,费时 |
| 🟠 高危 | 知识产权投诉(无品牌保护) | 中等,需举证 |
| 🟡 中危 | FBA 危险品不合规 | 可整改,会产生额外费用 |
| 🟢 可控 | 标题/图片不合规 | 改了就好 |